1 November 2025
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XRP’s 100 Billion Supply Explained by Ripple CTO David Schwartz
A recent discussion in the crypto community focused on the reasoning behind XRP's fixed supply of 100 billion tokens. Ripple's CTO, David Schwartz, explained this decision was based on technical and usability considerations.
Technical Foundations Behind XRP’s Supply
- The 100 billion supply ensures adequate divisibility for both large institutional payments and smaller transactions.
- This supply fits within a 64-bit integer to prevent overflow errors and maintain computational efficiency.
Usability and Design Simplicity
- A round number like 100 billion is memorable and easy to communicate.
- Initially, 100 billion XRP were pre-mined, with approximately 55 billion placed in escrow by Ripple to regulate market entry.
- Currently, 35 billion XRP are locked in escrow, with up to 1 billion released monthly. Unused portions are typically re-escrowed.
At present, XRP has a circulating supply of 60.1 billion tokens, with a trading price of $2.51, reflecting a 0.9% increase in the last 24 hours.
